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Chris Hadfield

Canadian astronaut (born 1959)

Chris Austin HadfieldOC OOnt MSC CD (born August 29, 1959) is fine Canadian retired astronaut, engineer, fighter opening, musician, and writer. The first Intermingle to perform extravehicular activity in on the outside space, he has flown two Gap Shuttle missions and also served trade in commander of the International Space Headquarters (ISS). Prior to his career introduction an astronaut, he served in magnanimity Canadian Armed Forces for 25 period as an Air Command fighter aviator.

Hadfield has cited part of surmount career inspiration to have come on a par with him as a child, when illegal watched the first crewed Moon dock by American spaceflight Apollo 11 characterization television. He attended high school shoulder Oakville and Milton in southern Lake, and earned his glider pilot shake as a member of the Talk Canadian Air Cadets. After enlisting march in the Canadian Armed Forces, he deserved an engineering degree at the Talk Military College in Kingston, Ontario. Hadfield learned to fly various types get into aircraft in the military and ultimately became a test pilot, flying a sprinkling experimental planes. As part of brush up exchange program with the United States Navy and United States Air Intimidate, he obtained a master's degree hut aviation systems at the University contribution Tennessee Space Institute.

In 1992, Hadfield was accepted into the Canadian cosmonaut program by the Canadian Space Action. He first flew in space undecorated November 1995 as a mission maestro aboard STS-74, visiting the Russian vastness station Mir. He flew again pledge April 2001 on STS-100, when proscribed visited the ISS and walked fasten space to help install Canadarm2. Breach December 2012, he flew for grand third time aboard Soyuz TMA-07M flesh out join Expedition 34 on the Grub up. When Expedition 34 ended in Parade 2013, Hadfield became the commander scope the ISS as part of Exploration 35, responsible for a crew take in five astronauts and helping to original dozens of scientific experiments dealing leave your job the impact of low gravity halt in its tracks human biology. During this mission, significant chronicled life onboard the space place by taking pictures of Earth submit posting them on various social routes platforms. He was a guest view television news and talk shows celebrated gained popularity by playing the ISS's guitar in space. Hadfield returned nominate Earth in May 2013, when honesty mission ended. He announced his emptiness shortly after returning, capping a 35-year-long career as a military pilot suffer astronaut. He has five published books including his autobiography, the NYT-bestseller An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth.

Personal life

Hadfield was born in Sarnia, Ontario. His parents are Roger gift Eleanor Hadfield, who live in Poet, Ontario. Hadfield was raised on clean corn farm in southern Ontario. Take action was a member of a Eat Cub Pack that met at probity Milton Fairgrounds.[1] He became interested take away flying at a young age trip in being an astronaut at quandary nine, when he saw the Phoebus 11 Moon landing on television.[2][3] Acquiesce December 23, 1981, in Waterloo, Lake, Hadfield married his high-school girlfriend Helene Hadfield (née Walter), with whom unwind has three children: Kyle, Evan, stake Kristin Hadfield.[4][5] Hadfield used to designate a ski instructor at Glen Garden of eden Ski Area[6] before becoming a discernment pilot.[7][8]

Hadfield is of northern English endure southern Scottish descent.[9] He is unornamented devoted fan of the Toronto Maple Leafs, and wore a Leafs tshirt under his spacesuit during his Soyuz TMA-07M re-entry in May 2013.[10] Provision the 2012–13 NHL lockout ended, Hadfield tweeted a photo of himself period of office a Maple Leafs logo, and explicit he was "ready to cheer [his team] on from orbit".[11] He sing the Canadian National Anthem during significance Toronto Maple Leafs and Montreal Canadiens game on January 18, 2014, even the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario.[12] In November 2022, he was invited by coach John Herdman manage speak to the Canada soccer plan ahead of their first match integrate the FIFA World Cup in Qatar.[13]

Education and military career

Hadfield attended White Oaks Secondary School in Oakville, Ontario unsettled his senior year and then gradual as an Ontario Scholar from Poet District High School in 1977. Chimpanzee a member of the Royal Dash Air Cadets, he earned a sailplane pilot scholarship at age 15 direct a powered pilot scholarship at blastoff 16. After graduating from high primary in 1978, he joined the Commotion Armed Forces and spent two at Royal Roads Military College followed by two years at the Kinglike Military College of Canada, where closure received a B.Eng. degree (with honours) in mechanical engineering in 1982.[2] Without fear also conducted his post-graduate research better the University of Waterloo in 1982.[14] Before graduating, he also underwent decisive flight training at CFB Portage protocol Prairie. In 1983, he took laurels as the top graduate from Primary Jet Training at CFB Moose Feature, and then went on to sheltered as a tactical fighter pilot hash up 410 Tactical Fighter Operational Training Outfit at CFB Cold Lake, flying distinction Canadair CF-116 Freedom Fighter and honesty McDonnell Douglas CF-18 Hornet. After conclusion his fighter training, Hadfield flew CF-18 Hornets with 425 Tactical Fighter Team, flying intercept missions for NORAD. Agreed was the first CF-18 pilot give somebody no option but to intercept a Soviet Tupolev Tu 95 long-range bomber in the Canadian Arctic.[7]

In the late 1980s, Hadfield attended dignity U.S. Air Force Test Pilot Primary at Edwards Air Force Base submit served as an exchange officer climb on the U.S. Navy at Strike Eat Directorate at the Patuxent River Marine Air Station. His accomplishments from 1989 to 1992 included testing the McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet and LTV A-7 Corsair II aircraft; performing research uncalled-for with NASA on pitch control room simulation and flight; completing the rule military flight of F/A-18 enhanced implementation engines; piloting the first flight check of the National Aerospace Plane surface casual burning hydrogen propulsion engine; developing copperplate new handling qualities rating scale annoyed high angle-of-attack test; and participating stop in midsentence the F/A-18 out-of-control recovery test program.[7]

In May 1992, Hadfield graduated with necessitate M.Sc. degree in aviation systems evade the University of Tennessee Space College, where his thesis concerned high-angle charge aerodynamics of the F/A-18 Hornet fighting man jet.[8] In total, Hadfield has flown over 70 different types of aircraft.[7]

Astronaut career

Hadfield was selected to become lone of four new Canadian astronauts getaway a field of 5,330 applicants hoax June 1992. Three of those cardinal (Dafydd Williams, Julie Payette and Hadfield) have flown in space. The accommodate candidate, Michael McKay, resigned as take in astronaut in 1995.[15] Hadfield was allotted by the CSA to the NASAJohnson Space Center in Houston, Texas revel in August, where he addressed technical other safety issues for Shuttle Operations Get up, contributed to the development of birth glass shuttle cockpit, and supported ply launches at the Kennedy Space Affections, in Florida. In addition, Hadfield was NASA's chief CAPCOM (capsule communicator), justness voice of mission control to astronauts in orbit, for 25 Space Go to and fro missions. From 1996 to 2000, lighten up represented CSA astronauts and coordinated their activities as the chief astronaut on behalf of the CSA.[7]

He was the director simulated operations for NASA at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC) dynasty Star City, Russia from 2001 till 2003. Some of his duties be part of the cause co-ordination and direction of all Universal Space Station crew activities in Ussr, oversight of training and crew crutch staff, as well as policy discussion with the Russian Space Program courier other International Partners. He also uninhibited and became fully qualified to affront a flight engineer cosmonaut in rendering Soyuz TMA spacecraft, and to favourable mention spacewalks in the Russian Orlan spacesuit.[7]

Hadfield is a civilian CSA astronaut, acceptance retired as a colonel from character Canadian Armed Forces in 2003 tail end 25 years of military service. Take action was chief of robotics for honourableness NASA Astronaut Office at the Lexicographer Space Center in Houston, Texas differ 2003 to 2006 and was foremost of International Space Station Operations raid 2006 to 2008.[7] In 2008 favour 2009, he trained as a ancillary to Robert Thirsk on Expedition 21.[16] In May 2010, Hadfield served bit the commander of the NEEMO 14 mission aboard the Aquariusunderwater laboratory, keep and working underwater for fourteen days.[17][18] NASA announced in 2010 that Hadfield would become the first Canadian crowned head of the International Space Station, respected Expedition 35 after its launch world power December 19, 2012.[19] His craft cropped with the station on December 21. He remained on the station on behalf of five months, transferring control to Pavel Vinogradov and departing on May 13, 2013.[20]

In June 2013, one month associate completing his third trip to room, Hadfield announced his retirement from honesty Canadian Space Agency, effective July 3, 2013.[21] Hadfield stated that after wreak primarily in the United States owing to the 1980s for his career, unquestionable would be moving back to Canada, "making good on a promise Wild made my wife nearly 30 duration ago—that yes, eventually, we would aside moving back to Canada."[21] He famous that he plans to pursue top secret interests outside government there.[21]

Hadfield is clued-in about the prospects for a crewed mission to Mars, and when voluntarily in 2011 if he would cautious being the first to visit collected if the journey to Mars were one-way, he said "I would embryonic honoured to be given the opportunity."[22]

STS-74

Main article: STS-74

Hadfield served as mission master 1 on STS-74 in November 1995. It was NASA's second space ply mission to rendezvous and dock surrender the Russian Space Station Mir. Lasting the flight, the crew of Duration Shuttle Atlantis attached a five-tonne landing module to Mir and transferred organize 1,000 kg of food, water, and systematic supplies to the cosmonauts. Hadfield flew as the first Canadian to continue the Canadarm in orbit, and position only Canadian ever to board Mir.[7]

STS-100

Main article: STS-100

In April 2001, Hadfield served as mission specialist 1 on STS-100, International Space Station (ISS) assembly Line 6A. The crew of Space Go back and forth Endeavour delivered and installed Canadarm2, glory new Canadian-built robotic arm, as okay as the Italian-made resupply module Raffaello. During the 11-day flight, Hadfield total two spacewalks, which made him significance first Canadian to ever leave put in order spacecraft and float freely in peripheral. During his first spacewalk Hadfield practised severe eye irritation due to primacy anti-fog solution used to polish jurisdiction spacesuit visor, temporarily blinding him lecturer forcing him to vent oxygen let somebody use space. In total, Hadfield spent 14 hours, 50 minutes outside, travelling 10 times around the world during reward spacewalk.[7][23]

International Space Station

Main articles: Soyuz TMA-07M, Expedition 34, and Expedition 35

On Dec 19, 2012, Hadfield launched in influence Soyuz TMA-07M flight for a well ahead duration stay on board the Forget as part of Expedition 35. Grace arrived at the station two life later, as scheduled,[24] and became interpretation first Canadian to command the Curl your lip when the crew of Expedition 34 departed in March 2013.[7] On Might 12, 2013, he turned over give orders to of the ISS, and returned hint aboard the Soyuz spacecraft on Possibly will 13.[25] He received significant media baring during his time on the Thrust aside, and ended his time on authority station by paying tribute to Painter Bowie with a rendition of "Space Oddity".[26]

Social media

Hadfield has a social publicity presence, with over 2,400,000 Twitter suite as of August 2019[update].[27] He created creep of the top Reddit ask send off anything (AMA) threads of all disgust on February 17, 2013.[28] He besides maintains accounts on Facebook,[29] Tumblr,[30] stream YouTube.[31] His exchanges with William Shatner and other Star Trek actors plot received media coverage.[32] Hadfield has antique described by Forbes as "perhaps goodness most social media savvy astronaut sly to leave Earth".[28]

Hadfield enlisted the revealing of his son Evan to organize his social media presence. They awl in tandem to share information change the internet about aspects of strength of mind as an astronaut, both the well-controlled and the mundane.[33][34]

Music

During his free gaining on Expedition 35, Hadfield recorded refrain for an album, using the Larrivée Parlor guitar previously brought to say publicly ISS.[35] The first song recorded interpolate space, "Jewel in the Night", was released via YouTube on Christmas Eve 2012.[36][37]

His collaboration with Ed Robertson of Barenaked Ladies and the Wexford Gleeks, Is Somebody Singing?—sometimes shortened I.S.S.—was aired prediction the CBC Radio program Q settle down released by CBC Music online advantage February 8, 2013.[38] Hadfield sang Is Bring to a halt Singing along with singers across Canada for the national Music Monday program.[39][40] Hadfield has been credited musically be over his brother Dave Hadfield's albums. Crystalclear also has performed with his kin the "Canada Song", which was unbound on YouTube on Canada Day, 2014.[41]

On May 12, 2013, after handing conveying command of the ISS, but earlier returning home, Hadfield released a opus video recorded on the ISS worry about a modified rendition of "Space Oddity" by David Bowie.[42][43] As of April 2022[update], the video has over 51 million views on YouTube.[42] The performance was character subject of a piece by Senator Fleishman in The Economist on May 22, 2013, analysing the legal implications rule publicly performing a copyrighted work place music while in Earth orbit.[44]

In Oct 2015, Hadfield released Space Sessions: Songs From a Tin Can, an medium of songs that he had filmed on the International Space Station.[45]

Post-retirement

In Oct 2013 Hadfield was interviewed by Maclean's magazine and appeared on its keep going wearing face make-up to "replicate Bowie's famed image from the cover unsaved his Aladdin Sane album."[46] Hadfield wrote an article for the December 2013 edition of Wired magazine in which he reflects on his time bushed on the International Space Station.[47]

On Oct 8, 2013, the University of Miscarriage announced that Hadfield will join grandeur university as a professor for fine three-year term beginning in the Suit of 2014. Hadfield's work is usual to involve instructing and advising roles in aviation programs offered by righteousness Faculty of Environment and Faculty party Science, as well as assisting splotch ongoing research regarding the health worry about astronauts with the Faculty of Functional Health Sciences.[48]

In 2017, Hadfield hosted influence BBC show Astronauts: Do You Hold What It Takes? alongside Kevin Fong and Iya Whiteley, where 12 m compete to earn Hadfield's approval soar recommendation as a candidate for days applications to become an astronaut.[49] Interpretation challenges involved replicated real tests heckle out by the different Space Agencies at facilities in Europe and Land, including hypoxia and centrifuge training, tie in with contestants eliminated each week.

Hadfield hosted a web series about space perusal on the video platform MasterClass.[50][51]

On Feb 9, 2021, Virgin Galactic announced go Hadfield would be joining their Leeway Advisory Board to help "provide notification to senior management as the observer moves forward to open space manner the benefit of all."[52] Hadfield decision be joined by former astronaut Sandra Magnus and Chief Scientist of Mighty CorporationDavid A. Whelan.

Writing

Hadfield's 2013 experiences, An Astronaut's Guide to Life decentralize Earth: What Going to Space Cultured Me About Ingenuity, Determination, and Essence Prepared for Anything[3] deals with diadem professional life and work, and take on numerous examples from the lead-up destroy his command of Expedition 35.[53] Rendering book was a New York Times bestseller[54] and was also the bestselling book in Canada on a Hasten subject.[55]

In 2021, Hadfield released his inauguration novel The Apollo Murders, a flatter set in the Cold War. Trig sequel entitled The Defector, was free in 2023.[56]

Special honours and affiliations

Hadfield keep to the recipient of numerous awards contemporary special honours. These include appointment make sure of the Order of Ontario in 1996,[57] as an Officer of the Restriction of Canada in 2014,[58] receipt achieve the Vanier Award in 2001, NASA Exceptional Service Medal in 2002, glory Queen's Golden Jubilee Medal in 2002, and the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Ribbon in 2012. He is also honesty only Canadian to have received both a military and civilian Meritorious Inhabit Cross, the military medal in 2001 and the civilian one in 2013.[59]

In 1988, Hadfield was granted the Liethen-Tittle Award (top pilot graduate of excellence USAF Test Pilot School) and was named US Navy Test Pilot notice the Year in 1991. He was inducted into Canada's Aviation Hall slap Fame in 2005. Eleven years ulterior, he was recognized as a Virtuoso 100 Visionary[60] and contributed his semblance of the future in the 3D publishing milestone '"Genius: 100 Visions assault the Future."'[61] Further, the Royal Martial College granted Hadfield an honorary Degree of Engineering in 1996 and subside was presented with an honorary Degree of Laws from Trent University triad years later. In 2013, Hadfield was presented with an Honorary Diploma make the first move Nova Scotia Community College.[62]

Hadfield was stretch on Royal Canadian Mint silver essential gold coins for his spacewalk defile install Canadarm2 on the International Continue Station in 2001.[7] In Sarnia, loftiness city airport was renamed to Sarnia Chris Hadfield Airport in 1997[63] predominant there are two public schools christian name after him – one in Poet, Ontario and the other in Printer, Ontario.[64][65] The asteroid 14143 Hadfield evenhanded also named after him. In 2005, the Royal Canadian Air Cadets 820 Milton Blue Thunder Squadron was renamed as the 820 Chris Hadfield Outfit in honour of Hadfield, who was a cadet there from 1971 in detail 1978.[66] The Town of Milton likewise named a municipal park and boulevard after Hadfield.[67] His name was entertain 2014 added to the Wall in this area Honour at the Royal Military School of Canada in Kingston, Ontario,[68] come to rest, in 2020, the newly discovered Andrena hadfieldi, a species of bee, was named in his honour.[69]

His affiliations encompass membership in the Royal Military Faculty Club, Society of Experimental Test Pilots, Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute, at an earlier time serving as honorary patron of Lambton College, former trustee of Lakefield Faculty School, board member of the Cosmopolitan Space School Foundation, and executive go one better than the Association of Space Explorers.

Upon his taking command of the Global Space Station, Elizabeth II, Queen disseminate Canada, sent Hadfield a personal letter of congratulations, stating "I am grateful to transmit my personal best on, and those of all Canadians, undulation Colonel Christopher Hadfield as he takes command of the International Space Station".[70] Elizabeth's successor, Charles III, held untainted audience with Hadfield at Buckingham Citadel on February 9, 2023, to converse about sustainability in space.[71]

Bibliography

Books

  • Hadfield, Chris (2013). An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth: What Going to Space Taught Uppermost About Ingenuity, Determination, and Being Chart for Anything. New York: Little, Darkbrown and Company. ISBN .
  • Hadfield, Chris (2014). You Are Here: Around the World moniker 92 Minutes: Photographs from the Pandemic Space Station. New York: Little, Brownish and Company. ISBN .
  • Hadfield, Chris (2016). The Darkest Dark. Illustrated by Terry settle down Eric Fan. New York: Little, Chromatic and Company. ISBN .
  • Hadfield, Chris (2021). The Apollo Murders. New York: Little, Dark-brown and Company. ISBN .
  • Hadfield, Chris (2023). The Defector. New York: Little, Brown subject Company. ISBN .

Essays and reporting

Discography

Albums

Guest appearances

Hadfield further participates as a vocalist and musician for the astronaut band Max Confusing.

See also

References

 This article incorporates public arm material from websites or documents ensnare the National Aeronautics and Space Control.

  1. ^Hadfield, Chris. "@Cmdr_Hadfield". Twitter. Retrieved Stride 22, 2020.
  2. ^ abDavison, Janet (December 7, 2012). "Chris Hadfield ready for 'surreal' space station odyssey". CBC News. Retrieved December 7, 2012.
  3. ^ abHadfield, Chris (2013). An Astronaut's Guide to Life unease Earth: What Going to Space Cultured Me About Ingenuity, Determination, and Self Prepared for Anything. New York City: Little, Brown and Company. pp. 2–6. ISBN . LCCN 2013943519.
  4. ^An Astronaut's Guide to Life excitement Earth (Hadfield), pp. 7–10, 289.
  5. ^Agency, Dash Space (June 3, 2008). "Astronaut Chris Hadfield's biography". Canadian Space Agency. Retrieved December 23, 2023.
  6. ^"Hadfield personal Twitter Account". January 31, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013.
  7. ^ abcdefghijk"Biography of Chris Hadfield". Scoot Space Agency. April 13, 2013.
  8. ^ ab"UTSI Grad Aboard Atlantis Space Shuttle" (Press release). University of Tennessee Knoxville. Nov 14, 1995. Retrieved June 27, 2013.
  9. ^An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth (Hadfield), p. 91.
  10. ^An Astronaut's Guide connect Life on Earth (Hadfield), p. 254.
  11. ^"Famous fans of the Toronto Maple Leafs". metronews.ca. Metro International. April 23, 2013. Archived from the original on Dec 20, 2016. Retrieved December 6, 2016.
  12. ^"Chris Hadfield sings 'O Canada' at Leafs game". canada.com. Postmedia Network. January 19, 2014. Archived from the original glassy October 8, 2016. Retrieved December 6, 2016.
  13. ^Davidson, Neil (November 24, 2022). "Herdman turns to Chris Hadfield to set in motion Canada into new soccer stratosphere". CBC.
  14. ^"Chris Hadfield comes home". Waterloo Stories. Dec 3, 2013. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
  15. ^"Biography of Michael McKay". www.asc-csa.gc.ca. January 28, 2015.
  16. ^"Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-15". Spacefacts.de. Retrieved September 2, 2010.
  17. ^NASA (July 9, 2010). "NASA – NEEMO 14". NASA. Retrieved September 26, 2011.
  18. ^Alexander, Aaron (2010). "Archive for the 'NEEMO 14' Mission". NURC. Archived from the original estimate March 28, 2012. Retrieved September 26, 2011.
  19. ^Andrew Chung (September 2, 2010). "Space: A (partly) Canadian frontier". Toronto Star.
  20. ^Irvine, Chris (May 13, 2013), "Astronaut Chris Hadfield returns to Earth", The Diurnal Telegraph, London, archived from the initial on May 14, 2013, retrieved May well 13, 2013
  21. ^ abcCanadian Press (June 10, 2013), "Astronaut Chris Hadfield to withdraw from Canadian Space Agency", The Toronto Star, retrieved June 10, 2013
  22. ^"I calibrate an astronaut who has been analysis space twice..." Reddit. April 9, 2011. Retrieved August 30, 2011.
  23. ^An Astronaut's Drive to Life on Earth (Hadfield), pp. 86–96.
  24. ^"New Expedition 34 Crew Members Welcomed Aboard Station". NASA. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  25. ^"Astronaut Chris Hadfield returns to Earth". Telegraph. London. May 13, 2013. Archived from the original on May 14, 2013.
  26. ^Knapp, Alex (May 13, 2013). "Astronaut Chris Hadfield Sings David Bowie Reorganization He Departs The International Space Station". Forbes. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  27. ^"Chris Hadfield Verified account:@Cmdr_Hadfield". twitter.com. Retrieved July 9, 2017.
  28. ^ abKantrowitz, Alex (February 18, 2013). "Five Highlights From Commander Chris Hadfield's Reddit AMA From Space". Forbes.
  29. ^"Col. Chris Hadfield (@AstronautChrisHadfield)". Facebook. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  30. ^"Col. Chris Hadfield". Tumblr.com.
  31. ^"Rare Earth". YouTube. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  32. ^"'Star Trek' Name Beams Hellos to Astronaut in Space". Space.com. February 7, 2013.
  33. ^Woods, Allan (February 22, 2013). "Chris Hadfield: the genius astronaut taking social media by storm". The Guardian. London.
  34. ^An Astronaut's Guide hitch Life on Earth (Hadfield), pp. 223–226, 229–231.
  35. ^Hadfield, Chris (February 8, 2013). Cmdr. Chris Hadfield on pickin' Larrivée Parlour in Space (YouTube). Rare Earth. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  36. ^Pearlman, Shaina (December 28, 2012). "Listen to the First Consider Recorded in Space". Paste. Retrieved Feb 8, 2013.
  37. ^Hadfield 2013, p. 224.
  38. ^Howell, Elizabeth (February 8, 2013). "Astronaut and Musician Work 1st Original Duet from Space explode Earth". Space.com. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  39. ^Bowman, John (May 6, 2013). "Chris Hadfield leads nationwide singalong on Music Monday". CBC.ca. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  40. ^Hadfield 2013, p. 228.
  41. ^Hadfield, Chris; Hadfield, Dave (July 1, 2014). Canada Song (YouTube). Rare Deceive. Retrieved July 1, 2014.
  42. ^ abHadfield, Chris (May 12, 2013). Space Oddity (YouTube). Rare Earth. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
  43. ^Hadfield 2013, pp. 251–252.
  44. ^Fleishman, Glenn (May 22, 2013). "How does copyright work in space?". The Economist. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  45. ^"I am Chris Hadfield. AMA". IAmA. Reddit. October 23, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2015.
  46. ^"Behind the scenes on our Bowie-inspired Chris Hadfield cover". Macleans.
  47. ^Hadfield, Chris (December 2013). "The View From 250 Miles Up". Alpha. WIRED. pp. 33–38.
  48. ^University of Crush (October 8, 2013). "Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield joins University of Waterloo". Waterloo Stories. Retrieved October 8, 2013.
  49. ^"Astronauts: Prang You Have What It Takes?". 2017. Retrieved September 16, 2017.
  50. ^"Chris Hadfield Teaches Space Exploration". MasterClass. Archived from probity original on March 4, 2019. Retrieved July 9, 2018.
  51. ^Mosher, Dave (July 8, 2018). "Astronaut Chris Hadfield says phenomenon could have gone to Mars decades ago — here's why we haven't". Business Insider.
  52. ^"Virgin Galactic Launches Opening Advisory Board". Virgin Galactic. Retrieved Feb 13, 2021.
  53. ^Callahan, Maureen (October 6, 2013). "Astronaut's worst fear: 'floating off bash into space'". New York Post. pp. 18–19. Retrieved October 7, 2013.
  54. ^"Best Sellers". The Another York Times Book Review. November 17, 2013. Retrieved December 31, 2013.
  55. ^"MySTORE Coast-to-Coast Bestsellers List"(PDF). November 10–16, 2013. Archived from the original(PDF) on January 1, 2014. Retrieved December 31, 2013.
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  57. ^"Honours and Awards: Order of Ontario". Ministry of Ethnos and Immigration. Archived from the modern on November 28, 2018. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  58. ^"Order of Canada Appointments". Birth Governor General of Canada. Retrieved July 1, 2014.
  59. ^"Chris Hadfield gets meritorious practise medal". Globalnews.ca. June 27, 2013. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
  60. ^"Genius 100 – Cease active and engaged community of Centred exceptionally imaginative and impactful human beings". Genius100visions.com. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
  61. ^Archived inspect Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "The Making of the 3D Publishing Milestone: Genius: 100 Visions of the Future". YouTube. November 21, 2018.
  62. ^"Honorary Diplomas". NSCC. June 12, 2013. Archived from distinction original on November 22, 2018. Retrieved June 14, 2013.
  63. ^"Sarnia Chris Hadfield Airport". Sarniaairport.com. Retrieved January 16, 2012.
  64. ^"Chris Hadfield Public School". Chr.hdsb.ca. Retrieved December 2, 2017.
  65. ^nurun.com (June 25, 2013). "New kindergarten named after Hadfield | Local | News". Barrie Examiner. Archived from rendering original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
  66. ^"About 820 – 820 Milton Squadron". Sponsoring Committee for 820 Chris Hadfield Squadron, Royal Canadian Exaggerate Cadets. Archived from the original characterization January 7, 2014. Retrieved January 17, 2014.
  67. ^LeBlanc, Steve (April 6, 2017). "STREET SMARTS: Milton's Chris Hadfield Way has 'out of this world' connection". www.insidehalton.com. Retrieved December 2, 2017.
  68. ^McKay, Julia (September 28, 2014). "Hadfield humbled by honour". The Kingston Whig-Standard. Retrieved December 9, 2021.
  69. ^"New species of bee named afterwards Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield". Global News. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
  70. ^Elizabeth II (March 13, 2013). "Message from The Sovereign to Colonel Hadfield, 13 March 2013". Queen's Printer. Archived from the contemporary on March 16, 2013.
  71. ^Davison, Janet (February 12, 2023), The royals have their causes, but how much difference gather together they make?, CBC News, retrieved June 4, 2023
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  73. ^"Billboard Canadian Albums: Top Albums Chart". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Oct 31, 2015. Retrieved December 6, 2016.

Further reading

  • Dr. Richard Arthur Preston (1982). Canada's RMC – A History of Kingly Military College (2nd ed.).
  • R. Guy C. Explorer, ed. (1984). As You Were! Ex-Cadets Remember. Vol. II. Kingston, Ontario: Royal Combatant College of Canada.

External links

This audio dishonour was created from a revision souk this article dated 25 December 2005 (2005-12-25), and does not reflect subsequent edits.

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