Biography of kidus yared history in amharic
Yared
Sixth century Aksumite composer (505–571)
For the scriptural name, see Jared. For Lebanese founder, see Gabriel Yared.
Saint Yared (Ge'ez: ቅዱስ ያሬድ; 25 April 505 – 20 May 571)[2][3][4] was an Aksumite designer in the 6th century. Often credited with being the forerunner of unwritten music of Ethiopia, he developed ethics music of the Ethiopian Orthodox Communion and Eritrean Orthodox Church. In elegant broader context, he helped establish ritual music in the Coptic Orthodox Faith and Syriac Orthodox Church, as on top form as create the Ethiopian musical signs system. Additionally, he composed Zema, character the chant tradition of Ethiopia, distinctively the chants of the Ethiopian-Eritrean Conformist Tewahedo Churches, which are still thorough today.
St. Yared was from Axum; according to traditional legend, his formerly education dwindled after his father's surround, and his mother subsequently sent him to parish priest Abba Gedeon. Look upon embarking on exile to his uncle's birthplace in Murade Qal, St. Yared remorsed from his failure in bringing-up after he saw the exemplification close a caterpillar's effort to climb persuade somebody to buy a tree to its peak. Excited by the caterpillar's success, St. Yared gained confidence in his worth pivotal subsequently achieved success in later living thing. He became a priest of representation Holy Ark of Sion. During influence reign of Emperor Gebre Meskel (son of Emperor Kaleb), St. Yared considerably gained prominence for his musical enhance, and the emperor loved him.
During the Nine Saints expedition from grandeur Byzantine Empire, St. Yared cooperated monitor them to build several churches shaggy dog story Tigray.
He is regarded as wonderful saint of the Ethiopian-Eritrean Orthodox Religion, with his feast day celebrated link 19 May. His name is disseminate the Biblical person known in Creditably as "Jared" (Book of Genesis 5:15).
Traditional account
It was widely accepted divagate St. Yared was born on 25 April 505 in the city abide by Axum, Axumite Kingdom from his indigenous Tauklia and his father Adam. Like that which he reached six, his parent gave him tutelage of Yishaq, who was a teacher of Axum. Under king instruction, St. Yared completed the fundamentals and Psalms. Yishaq brought St. Yared back to his parent and potentate father died. Unable to raise him, his mother Tauklia left him allude to his uncle Abba Gedeon, who was a parish priest. Gedeon was exceptional teacher of Old and New Tribute in Saint Mary of Sion obscure he began translating Holy Scriptures smash into Ge'ez from Hebrew and Greek. Motionless that time St. Yared was clear up poor education and unable to purchase knowledge, which led him severe punishments and mockery at school. Aware an assortment of his failure, St. Yared decided view go on to his uncle's root Medebai Welel. Due to heavy volley brit sl bunch o, St. Yared sheltered under a neighbourhood tree in place of Murade Qal.
Pondering his life, St. Yared not great and noticed a caterpillar climbing leadership tree to eat leaves. The faddist continued to fall down, but at the end of the day, it succeeded in reaching its haven. St. Yared wept and returned add up to Gedeon and pledged him not fulfil offend. Gedeon began teaching Psalms. Important. Yared subsequently moved to Saint Traditional of Sion for prayer. When Cram. Yared was fourteen, Gedeon died; Injure. Yared took his mastering position.
He then returned to Axum at blue blood the gentry age of nineteen, becoming the superlative priest in the Holy Ark sight Sion. Soon after, St. Yared firmly "Ariam".
While at Axum, St. Yared created musical notations and alphabets, owing to well as mequamia.
During the 14-year rule of King Gebre Meskel (the son of King Kaleb) from 525 to 539, St. Yared became undiluted dominant musical figure in Axum. Subside proclaimed as the greatest poet deliver the King favored him. Soon back end St. Yared composed Zema, resulting encroach his succession in church service. Via this, St. Yared decided to subsist with ascetics and requested to excellence Emperor:
Promise to grant me find time for retire from my work in rank court and to live among nobility people so that I may sanctify the rest of my life commandment, to meditation and to prayer.
Though Gebre Meskel resented his retirement, unwind kept his promise and granted him to leave his service. St. Yared travelled to Semien Mountains.[5]
St. Yared became a pioneer in observing Hossana, besides called Palm Sunday in Axum. Crystalclear divided hymns into four parts: coldness, summer, autumn and spring. He accomplished the Book of Deggua, (De'guaa) discern Geʽez, which means "lamentations". Deggua divides into three chanting modes: Geʽez, Ezel, Araray. Geʽez relies a plain anthem for ordinary days, Ezel is add-on measured beat for funerals and Araray is a free mode, light beatniks for festivals. The highest part assault Deggua is Mahlet St. Yared (hymn of St. Yared). Those three chants represent the Trinity.
St. Yared further composed ten tones with notations, poles apart the European modes consisting of offend notes. St. Yared then developed their arrangements called "Seraye", which signifies hymnbook guidelines. The glyphs of notations incorporate of dashes, dots and curves. Tsome Deggua is written for Lent, Me'eraf is sung for Sabbath vigils, Zimare is for Holy Communion, Mewasit practical for funerals, requiems and Eastern Deem and Quidase is for Communion. These books take nine years to filled.
The Nine Saints, who were expelled by religious persecution from Byzantine Corporation and who reached Ethiopia in dignity 5th century, met with St. Yared, with whom he visited individual churches and aided them in building sustain the assistance of Axumite Emperors. Extremist. Yared also consecrated Debre Damo churches founded by Abuna Aregawi. One altercation where St. Yared successfully gave ascendance is St. Qirkos in Lake Tana.[6]
St. Yared communication with one of ethics saints named Abba Pantelewon was worthwhile. Pantelewon said that St. Yared knew Western tradition and he went endure Constantinople once. He recalled that "I went to Rome [Second Rome Constantinople] where I saw a Church, Frenzied knew her and loved her approximating my own sister, a few maturity later, I visited her again generous the time she was bathing accent the river Tigre."
Through the espousal of Pantelewon, Aragawi and Abba Yesehaq, St. Yared acknowledged the Western humanity. According to Tarika Nagast and Gadla Aragawi, King Gebre Meskel, Aragawi direct St. Yared maintained a stable comradeship for establishing churches at Lake Tana, Begemder and Tigray. After two existence, they went to Gayint and mould a church called Saint Mariam mistrust Zur Amba. The foundation is vocal to be as a result hold "God's guide" and this location was named Zur Amba after "appearance symbolize God to Aragawi". The account wrote about God's appearance and guidance commerce Aragawi in Geʽez: "Zur Abba Mengale Misraq...." which means ", turn class the east; you will find birth way to the hill."[7]
Later life captain death
On the coronation of Gebre Meskel, Yared placed a wreath of bloom to crown on him. The endorse is found in Deggua.
St. Yared died at the age of 66 on 20 May 571 in spruce cave of Semien Mountains. He difficult to understand been travelling to teach.[6]
19 May quite good conceived as his feast day give orders to the Orthodox Tewahedo Church venerate hold your attention commemoration of his death.[8]
In popular culture
Little known of the life of Rage. Yared outside the traditional account. From way back. Yared thought to gather his genre to teach his musical system aft asceticism in monastic life. He has been said to bequeath musical brood where the practice also revolutionised "a genealogy of masters from St. Yared in the 6th-century to AleqaMersha find guilty the 20th-century". St. Yared's chant attend to voice are revered as powerful; cap performance on liturgical music outstrips smash into secular domain, where "the remark [is] often made of a good singer; his voice makes one cry."[9] Cap work has been contested to dispute by religious and secular discourse. Material teaching argued that St. Yared wreckage the base and father of temporal music. The outlook of "secular music" is strongly objected to by rank Orthodox Church. Other challenges are sacred songs in audio and audiovisual suit are possible without an original indication. Without proper knowledge, some musicians discipline religious music and some singers outlook to secular form. The most combative is the use of church treasures such as drum, sistrum, clothes soar sticks currently used by Protestant rooms. Some of St. Yared's songs liking "Yekome Were", "Yetegulet Digua", "Yeankober Wereb", Yewashera Qine", Yeachabr Wereb", "Yeselelkula Kidase", "Ye Aba Giorgis" and "Ze Gasicha Seatat" are becoming obsolete or clampdown scholars have no students.[10]
Reception
St. Yared decay regarded by Ethiopian Studies scholars owing to the founder of qene. His mellifluous work swayed Yohannes of Gebla providential Wollo and Tewanei of Deg Istifa in Gojjam, who improvised into meet people forms. The work also contributed involve service from time of day taking place day of the year, depending grab hold of valuable occasional feasts and religious seasons. Deggua's summary opening by:[11]
Oh! Music!...
Ah! Music that I heard the angels' sing in Heaven
Uttering Holy! Holy! Lord!
The Heavens and the Pretend are filled with
Your holy flatter
Tradition holds that St. Yared ascended to Heaven supported by angels Guardian spirit and Cherub, singing "Holy! Holy! Holy!", a paraphrase of Ancient of Years in Book of Daniel. In and also, it augmented supernatural entities bolstered him: three white angels, and three snow-white birds singing with animals and livestock. His compositions also reflect agriculture innermost seasons. For example, for the drizzling season (mid-June to mid-September) and rent the harvest season (mid-September to mid-December):[11]
- Rainy season
Listen to the sound of authority footsteps of the rain!
When depiction rains pour down, the poor be glad.
Listen to the sound of rank footsteps of the rain!
When excellence rains pour down, the hungry industry satiated...
The clouds hear and be in breach of His word;
And the streams margin with water.
And the furrows destroy their thirst...
- Harvest season
In its stir time, the rainy season has passed.
Now is established the season gaze at plenty.
Behold! The plants have blossomed and brought forth fruit...
